The relationship of 5 year survival rate varies considerably depending on the stage of diagnosis. For local disease an estimated 49% survival reached 2% for patients with advanced disease. Surgical treatment indicated in the early stages of lung cancer is curative. Patients with the disease Advanced Metastatic can achieve greater survival and have symptoms controlled with chemotherapy. Lung cancer presents itself diver- histologically the most common being: the epidermis carcinoma adenocarcinoma, and large cell carcinoma. Patients who have progressed following treatment in second line may be candidates for performing treatment additional. The role of cytotoxic chemotherapy third or fourth line for these patients is still unclear because treatment in these cases is palliative and selecting a chemotherapy regimen should offer good activity anti-tumoural combining good tolerability of the treatment.
Smoking is the most responsible for this disease, the number of cases of lung cancer does not diminish the next 20 years. Despite all the advances verified in treatment of cancer, the survival five years of patients with cancer non-small cell lung remains approximately 14%. These two aspects of the same problem emphasize the importance of the primary prevention, the systematic fight smoking as the main health action public, able to effectively reduce both the incidence and mortality from cancer lung between a given populations. The low efficacy of treatment, in time, is one of the problems identified the fact that the great majority of cases present with advanced disease to diagnostic and only 25% to 30% all cases of early lung cancer be curable by surgery. Although postoperative radiotherapy reduces the occurrence of local recurrence, no randomized study has shown positive impact on patient survival operated. The use of adjuvant radiotherapy, where complete resection disease tumor classified as T3 or N2 has demonstrated improvement in local control of neoplasia, but without presenting impact on survival of patients. Where pathological stage I, II, and III, there is evidence that Adjuvant chemotherapy has an impact on survival of patients who underwent complete surgical resection. In relation to chemotherapy, the results are more encouraging; demonstrating a statistically improved significant survival of patients received preoperative chemotherapy. The stage IIIB patients who do not include are candidates for surgical treatment at least initially, because of disease locally advanced (T4 or N3). It is that concomitant chemotherapy Radiotherapy improves survival of these patients (and in other tumor stage), when compared with the use of radiation Curative (exclusive).
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